82 Science Research Writing 4. JUSTIFY CHOICES MADE because* by doing..., we were able to chosen for (+ noun) chosen to (+ infi nitive) for the purpose of (+ -ing or noun)** for the sake of (+ -ing or noun) in an attempt to (+ infi nitive) in order to (+ infi nitive) it was possible to (+ infi nitive) off er a means of (+ -ing) one way to avoid... our aim was to (+ infi nitive) provide a way of (+ -ing) selected on the basis of... so as to (+ infi nitive) so/such that so (+ -ing ) thereby (+ -ing ) therefore* thus (+ -ing) to (+ infi nitive) to take advantage of which/this allows/allowed etc. with the intention of (+ -ing) *See Section 1.2.2 for other examples of signalling language **See box below for infi nitives, -ing forms and noun forms of useful verbs. ∅ indicates that a noun form is not available or is not common in this type of structure INFINITIVE achieve allow assess avoid compensate for confi rm determine enable enhance ensure establish facilitate -ING FORM achieving allowing assessing avoiding compensating for confi rming determining enabling enhancing ensuring establishing facilitating NOUN FORM achievement assessment avoidance compensation for confi rmation determination enhancement establishment facilitation
Methodology — Vocabulary 83 Here are some examples of how these are used: • To validate the results from the metroscale model, samples were collected from all groups. • Th e method of false nearest neighbours was selected in order to determine the embedding dimension. • For the sake of simplicity, only a single value was analysed. • By partitioning the array, all the multipaths could be identifi ed. • Zinc oxide was drawn into the laminate with the intention of enhancing delaminations and cracks. • Th e advantage of using three-dimensional analysis was that the out-of- plane stress fi eld could be obtained. • Because FITC was used for both probes, enumeration was carried out using two diff erent slides. • Th e LVDTs were unrestrained, so allowing the sample to move freely. • Th e cylinder was constructed from steel, which avoided problems of water absorption. guarantee identify improve include increase limit minimise obtain overcome permit prevent provide reduce remove validate guaranteeing identifying improving including increasing limiting minimising obtaining overcoming permitting preventing providing reducing removing validating guarantee identifi cation improvement inclusion increase limitation prevention provision reduction removal validation