18

Chapter 141

13 A possible allusion to Comte Joseph de Villèle (1773–1854), who rose to power as an ultra in 1821, but


13 A possible allusion to Comte Joseph de Villèle (1773–1854), who rose to power as an ultra in 1821, but proved insufficiently reactionary and was forced out in 1828. He was replaced by the fanatical and politically incompetent Jules de Polignac (1780–1847), whose extremism provoked the July Revolution.